AGP Executive Report

Trade & Investment Boost: India and Switzerland used talks in New Delhi to expand market access and investment links under the India-EFTA Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA), with officials pointing to a $100 billion investment roadmap and job creation targets. Mobility & People-to-People Links: Six agreements were signed, including a migration and youth mobility pact with longer-duration, multi-entry visas and a young professionals exchange. Energy & Security Cooperation: Leaders also agreed to deepen collaboration on nuclear energy and defence, alongside infrastructure and technology cooperation. Local Climate Angle: Switzerland’s upcoming referendum on an EFTA trade deal with Malaysia is drawing scrutiny over rainforest impacts and forced-labour safeguards—an issue that could shape how future trade rules handle environmental protection. Liechtenstein Relevance: TEPA explicitly covers Liechtenstein as part of the EFTA bloc, tying the pact’s market and investment effects directly to the region. Finance Tech Note (Liechtenstein-linked): A Liechtenstein-based release highlights MTCM’s Talea DRN, a token-and-traditional note structure partnered with Bank Frick, underscoring how digital finance is expanding alongside regional capital markets.

Trade & Mobility Deal: India and Switzerland signed a migration and mobility partnership, plus four other agreements, including young professionals exchanges and cooperation on transportation technologies, after Modi met Swiss President Guy Parmelin. EFTA Climate-Linked Trade Context: The talks build on the India-EFTA TEPA framework (including Liechtenstein), which targets about $100bn in investment and 1m jobs over 15 years—an economic push that can shape sustainability outcomes through new market access for sectors like pharma, engineering and textiles. Nuclear & Defence Cooperation: Leaders also agreed to deepen collaboration in nuclear energy and defence, with peace efforts in Ukraine and West Asia discussed. Swiss Referendum Watch: Switzerland is set for a referendum on an EFTA trade deal with Malaysia, as opponents warn about risks to tropical rainforests and forced-labour safeguards. Aviation Decarbonisation Push: Iceland’s ambassador urged immediate action on sustainable aviation fuel for India’s fast-growing aviation sector, stressing stakeholder partnerships to scale clean aviation.

Trade & Mobility: India and Switzerland signed a migration and mobility partnership and agreed to expand Swiss market access for Indian exports, while also deepening cooperation on nuclear energy and defence. EFTA Link (incl. Liechtenstein): The moves build on the India-EFTA Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) now in its second year, with EFTA members Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland aiming to drive investment and jobs. Jobs & Investment Targets: Prime Minister Narendra Modi said the partnership targets $100 billion in investment and 10 lakh direct jobs in India over 15 years. Clean Energy & Industry: ABB reiterated support for Vietnam’s energy transition and digital transformation, tied to EFTA-Vietnam trade talks. Climate Tech for Aviation: Iceland’s ambassador urged “now” action on sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for India’s fast-growing aviation sector, stressing stakeholder collaboration. Land, Wildlife & Forests: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of Swedish forest, raising questions about habitat and land management.

Local Livelihoods: Irish Olympic athletes say elite sport is becoming financially unsustainable, with podium funding stuck at €40,000 since 2006 while costs for travel, equipment and entry fees keep rising. Energy Transition & Industry: ABB says it will back Vietnam’s electrification and automation push, with a focus on power infrastructure and data centres, as the EFTA–Vietnam free trade talks wrap up—an agreement that also includes Liechtenstein. Trade & Jobs Link to Sustainability: India’s EFTA deal (TEPA) marks its first year, with EFTA pledging $100bn in investment and 1mn jobs over 15 years, and officials pointing to “sustainable economic growth.” Forests & Wildlife: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of forest in Sweden, highlighting habitat and recreation—an issue that resonates for small countries watching land and biodiversity pressures. Agroecology: A global agroecology forum in Costa Rica calls for systemic responses to climate change across food and farming systems. Aviation Emissions: Iceland’s ambassador urges immediate scaling of sustainable aviation fuel for fast-growing aviation demand.

Local Livelihoods: Irish Olympic athletes say sport is becoming financially unsustainable as fixed funding levels lag rising living costs, with sailors and swimmers describing “barely an income to survive” without extra sponsors or family support. Energy Transition & Industry: ABB says it will back Vietnam’s electrification and automation push, focusing on energy infrastructure and data centres, as EFTA-Vietnam free trade talks conclude—an effort that also links to Liechtenstein’s EFTA role. Trade With Climate Implications: India’s EFTA deal (TEPA) marks its first year, with EFTA pledging $100bn and 1mn jobs over 15 years; India reports export growth in sectors like motor vehicles and heavy waters, while also framing the pact as supporting “sustainable economic growth.” Forests & Biodiversity: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of Swedish forest, highlighting habitat and wildlife value—an indirect reminder of how land deals can shape biodiversity outcomes. Aviation Decarbonisation: Iceland’s ambassador urges immediate scaling of sustainable aviation fuel for India’s fast-growing aviation sector, stressing cross-stakeholder action. Food Systems & Agroecology: A global agroecology forum in Costa Rica calls for systemic shifts to make agriculture and food systems more resilient to climate and biodiversity pressures. Regional Trade Expansion: Brazil formally incorporates the Mercosur-EFTA agreement, with preferential tariffs for Switzerland/Liechtenstein pending internal steps.

EFTA-Vietnam Deal: ABB says it will back Vietnam’s energy transition and digital transformation, pointing to the concluded EFTA-Vietnam free trade talks as a boost for cooperation on electrification, data centres, talent and industrial innovation. Clean Aviation Push: Iceland’s ambassador to India urged “solutions now” for sustainable aviation fuel, stressing partnerships to decarbonise fast-growing air travel. Seafood Export Standards: Vietnam’s seafood sector sees new openings in EFTA markets, but warns firms must meet tough requirements on quality, traceability and sustainable development. Liechtenstein in the Trade Web: India’s EFTA trade pact (TEPA) marks one year, with EFTA nations committing $100bn and 1 million jobs over 15 years—an example of how Liechtenstein sits inside wider sustainability-linked trade shifts. Forest & Habitat Watch: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of contiguous forest in Sweden, highlighting ongoing pressure on land and wildlife habitat across Europe.

EFTA-Vietnam Deal Boosts Clean Industry: ABB says it will back Vietnam’s energy transition and digital transformation, focusing on electrification, automation, data centres and skills—after EFTA (including Liechtenstein) and Vietnam concluded free-trade talks. Trade Pact, Jobs and Market Access: India’s EFTA trade agreement (TEPA) marks its one-year milestone, with officials pointing to growth in exports like motor vehicles and heavy waters, alongside EFTA’s stated plan to invest $100bn and support 1m jobs over 15 years. Sustainable Aviation Push: Iceland’s ambassador urges India to act now on sustainable aviation fuel, arguing decarbonising air travel needs fast, shared partnerships. Biodiversity and Land Use Watch: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of forest in Sweden, drawing attention to habitat and wildlife impacts as Europe debates reducing reliance on US tech. Agroecology for Climate Resilience: A global agroecology forum in Costa Rica highlighted how farming systems must adapt to climate and biodiversity pressures through knowledge-sharing and policy action.

EFTA-Vietnam Deal: ABB says it will back Vietnam’s energy transition and digital transformation, focusing on electrification, automation, data centres and skills—after EFTA (including Liechtenstein) and Vietnam concluded free-trade talks, with Vietnam’s Power Development Plan VIII pointing to $136bn in power and grid investment by 2030. Trade With Climate Stakes: India’s EFTA trade pact (TEPA) is now a year old, with officials citing growth in exports like motor vehicles, heavy waters and moulding patterns, alongside EFTA’s pledge of $100bn investment and 1m jobs over 15 years—framed as supporting “sustainable economic growth.” Aviation Emissions Push: Iceland’s ambassador urged India to act now on sustainable aviation fuel, arguing decarbonising air travel needs fast, shared partnerships rather than waiting. Food & Biodiversity Standards: Vietnam’s seafood exporters see new access to EFTA markets, but only if they meet tougher requirements on quality, traceability and sustainable development. Forest & Land Use Watch: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of Swedish forest, raising questions about habitat protection and land management as Europe debates reducing reliance on U.S. tech. Regional Trade Expansion: Brazil formally incorporated the Mercosur-EFTA agreement, with preferential tariffs for Switzerland/Liechtenstein pending internal steps.

Trade & Climate-Linked Industry: India says its exports of motor vehicles, heavy waters and moulding patterns have grown since the India–EFTA trade pact (TEPA) took effect on Oct 1, 2025, with EFTA backing $100bn in investment over 15 years and aiming to support 1 million jobs—a reminder that trade deals can shape the pace of manufacturing and the sustainability standards that come with it. Local Relevance (Liechtenstein in the mix): EFTA includes Liechtenstein, so the same bloc dynamics also feed into broader European supply chains and environmental expectations. Forest & Wildlife Concerns: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of contiguous forest in Sweden, highlighting how land deals can affect wildlife habitat and public access. Aviation Decarbonisation Push: Iceland’s ambassador urged “now” action on sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for fast-growing aviation, stressing stakeholder partnerships. Biodiversity/Agroecology: An agroecology forum in Costa Rica called for systemic shifts to tackle climate change and biodiversity risks in food systems.

Trade & Investment: India’s exports of motor vehicles, heavy waters and moulding patterns are rising in the EFTA market after the India–EFTA TEPA took effect on Oct 1, 2025, with EFTA backing $100bn in investment over 15 years and 1m jobs. Local Climate Angle: Liechtenstein is part of EFTA, so the deal’s push for “sustainable economic growth” lands in the same policy space as clean-energy and environmental standards. Forest & Wildlife: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought about 15,000 hectares of contiguous forest in Sweden, highlighting how private land deals can affect habitat and wildlife. Aviation Emissions: Iceland’s ambassador urged India to act now on sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), arguing decarbonising air travel needs fast, shared stakeholder action. Recycling & Batteries: A new study warns Europe’s recycled battery-material supply may fall short of targets for key metals like cobalt, depending on how second-life and recycling are managed. Biodiversity/Agroecology: An agroecology forum in Costa Rica stressed climate and biodiversity-linked food-system transitions through shared research and farmer-led solutions.

Trade & Investment: India–EFTA’s TEPA (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland) has been in force for a year, with tariff cuts covering most trade value and a bigger focus on investment and job creation—aiming for $100bn in investment and 1m direct jobs over 15 years. Climate & Aviation: Iceland’s ambassador to India is pushing for immediate action on sustainable aviation fuel, arguing decarbonising air travel needs partnerships now, not later. Forests & Wildlife: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of contiguous forest in Sweden, highlighting habitat and recreation—an issue that matters for biodiversity and land stewardship. Trade Deal Watch (Liechtenstein included): Brazil has formally incorporated the Mercosur–EFTA free trade agreement; preferential tariffs for Switzerland/Liechtenstein depend on internal steps, with the deal set to take effect from Oct 1 for Brazil and Iceland. Food & Weather Risk: Russia extended its import ban on a wide range of agricultural products through 2028, while Western growers face hot, dry conditions and yield losses tied to heatwaves and drought. Agroecology: A Latin America forum on agroecology stresses climate change’s links to food and biodiversity, calling for systemic shifts in agricultural and food systems. Recycling & Materials: A new study warns Europe’s recycled battery-material supply could fall short of targets by 2045, with cobalt facing the biggest projected gap.

Trade & Climate-Energy Links: India’s EFTA deal (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland) has now been in force for a year, with tariff cuts covering most trade and a bigger focus on investment and job creation—plus Iceland’s geothermal know-how pointing to cleaner energy partnerships. Forest & Wildlife Pressure: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of Swedish forest for about $22m, with local hunters reporting they were not told in advance—raising questions about habitat protection and land-use transparency. Tourism With a Liechtenstein Footnote: Michelin’s 2026 “Keys” guide added new countries and properties, including a Liechtenstein mountain hideaway—another reminder that small Alpine destinations are competing on sustainability-linked “place” experiences. EV Recycling Reality Check: A new study warns Europe’s recycled battery-material supply may fall short of targets by 2045, with cobalt projected to be the biggest gap—timing and reuse rules matter. Aviation Decarbonisation Push: Iceland’s ambassador urged India to act now on sustainable aviation fuel, arguing partnerships are the only way to scale clean aviation fast. Battery Materials & Policy: The EU’s approach to recycling and second-life storage is under scrutiny as vehicle lifetimes and cross-border sales shape what can actually be recovered. Trade Deal Watch for Liechtenstein: Brazil has formally incorporated the Mercosur–EFTA agreement, with preferential tariffs for Switzerland/Liechtenstein pending internal steps.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Push: Iceland’s ambassador to India says SAF solutions for India’s fast-growing aviation sector are needed now, not later, urging partnerships across stakeholders and noting Icelandair trials to scale clean fuel. Battery Recycling Reality Check: A new study warns Europe’s EV battery recycling may fall short of recycled-material targets as vehicle lifetimes, cross-border sales, and second-life use delay when materials become available. Trade With Climate Commitments: Brazil has formally incorporated the Mercosur–EFTA free trade deal, with preferential tariffs for Switzerland/Liechtenstein pending internal steps, and the treaty includes commitments on sustainable development, environmental protection, biodiversity, and human rights. EU Multilateralism Drive: The EU is backing a “Partners for Multilateralism” coalition aimed at peace, inclusive sustainable development, and strengthening international law—framing climate change as a shared challenge no country can tackle alone. Land Use & Wildlife Concerns: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of forest in Sweden, with local hunters reportedly not informed in advance, raising questions for habitat and transparency.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Push: Iceland’s ambassador to India says SAF solutions must move now, not later, urging partnerships to decarbonise fast-growing aviation. Trade & Sustainability Link: The Việt Nam–EFTA free trade deal (including Liechtenstein) opens new seafood export chances, but firms must meet tough quality, traceability, and sustainable development standards. Forest, Wildlife, and Land Use: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of Swedish forest, raising questions locally after hunters’ leases were cancelled without prior notice—spotlighting habitat and governance issues. Recycling Reality Check: A new study warns Europe’s EV battery recycling supply may fall short of recycled-content goals, with cobalt facing the biggest projected gap as second-life and cross-border flows delay material recovery. Climate Diplomacy at UN: Canada’s PM Mark Carney backed a new “Partners for Multilateralism” coalition at the UN, tying peace and prosperity to shared action on global challenges including climate. Food Security Under Pressure: WFP warns Sudan’s displacement camps face worsening hunger as aid funding cuts collide with extreme weather and El Niño impacts.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Push: Iceland’s ambassador to India, Bendikt Hoskuldsson, says SAF solutions for India’s fast-growing aviation sector must be brought to the table now, not later—calling for partnerships across stakeholders and noting Icelandair is already trialling SAF. EFTA–Liechtenstein Trade Link: Brazil has formally incorporated the Mercosur–EFTA free trade deal, with preferential tariffs for Switzerland and Liechtenstein dependent on their internal steps—while the agreement also includes commitments on sustainable development, environmental protection, biodiversity, and human rights. Forest & Wildlife Concerns: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of forest in Sweden, with local hunters reportedly learning only after their lease was cancelled—raising questions for habitat and recreation. EV Recycling Outlook: A new study warns Europe’s recycled battery material supply could fall short of EU targets for some metals (notably cobalt) by 2045, with second-life use and cross-border flows affecting recovery. Education & Digital Change: The EU Commission reports generative AI can help or hinder learning depending on responsible use, while digital access gaps persist across schools.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Push: Iceland’s ambassador to India says SAF solutions for aviation must move from “future” to “now,” urging partnerships as India’s air travel grows fast. Trade & Sustainability Link: The Việt Nam–EFTA free trade deal (including Liechtenstein) opens new seafood export opportunities, but firms must meet tougher quality, traceability, and sustainable development requirements. Forest & Wildlife Concerns: Palantir CEO Alex Karp bought 15,000 hectares of forest in Sweden, with local hunters reporting lease cancellations and noting the land’s wildlife habitat value. EU Climate Diplomacy: The EU is backing a new “Partners for Multilateralism” coalition at the UN, framing climate and other global shocks as problems no country can solve alone. Food Security Under Pressure: Aid cuts are worsening hunger risks in Sudan, with extreme weather and conflict-linked disruptions driving needs across the region. Liechtenstein in the Spotlight: Liechtenstein is newly included in MICHELIN Key hotel selections for 2026, expanding the program’s reach.